Publication ethics

The journal expects authors, reviewers and editors to observe the commonly accepted principles of research integrity, notably those of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

Author commitments

  • The submitted work is original and is not under consideration by another journal.
  • Sources are cited and borrowings clearly identified; plagiarism, including self-plagiarism, is grounds for rejection.
  • The list of authors reflects actual contributions; nobody is added or omitted improperly.
  • The data presented are accurate; fabricating or falsifying them is a serious breach.
  • Conflicts of interest and funding sources are declared.

Reviewer commitments

  • The manuscript received is confidential: it is neither circulated, used, nor cited before publication.
  • Reviews are reasoned, respectful and free of personal attack.
  • Any conflict of interest is reported without delay, and the invitation declined.
  • A reviewer unable to meet the deadline informs the editor, so that a colleague may be invited.

Editorial board commitments

  • Manuscripts are judged on scientific quality alone, regardless of origin, institution, gender or beliefs.
  • Manuscript confidentiality and reviewer anonymity are protected by the platform itself.
  • Any substantiated allegation of misconduct is examined, and the submission concerned may be suspended while it is checked.

Corrections and retractions

A significant error found after publication gives rise to an erratum. Where a breach of research integrity is established, the article is retracted: it is not deleted, but remains accessible with a notice setting out the reasons, so that citations already made remain verifiable.